Arithmometer and lead–acid battery: what they have in common

1. Step 1. Arithmometer — evolved into — Electronic calculator. Electronics replaced mechanics.
2. Step 2. Electronic calculator — has part — Alkaline battery. A calculator runs on a battery, sometimes on a tiny solar panel.
3. Step 3. Alkaline battery — evolved from — Dry cell. An improved zinc–manganese cell.
4. Step 4. Dry cell — evolved from — Voltaic pile. A convenient form of the galvanic cell.
5. Step 5. Voltaic pile — evolved into — Lead–acid battery. Planté’s battery developed the idea of a chemical current source by making it rechargeable.

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