Axle and telescope: what they have in common

1. Step 1. Axle — is part of — Armillary sphere. The celestial axis.
2. Step 2. Armillary sphere — works like — Orrery. Both are mechanical models of the sky: the armillary sphere shows celestial circles, the orrery the planets' motion.
3. Step 3. Orrery — uses — Heliocentric system. The Copernican model.
4. Step 4. Heliocentric system — uses — Telescope. Galileo’s confirmations.

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