Car radio and payment card: what they have in common

1. Step 1. Car radio — has part — Vacuum tube. The first car radios used vacuum tubes.
2. Step 2. Vacuum tube — is part of — Operational amplifier. The first op-amps used vacuum tubes.
3. Step 3. Operational amplifier — is a kind of — Integrated circuit. Made as an integrated circuit.
4. Step 4. Integrated circuit — is part of — Payment card. An EMV chip.

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