Centrifugal pump and needle: what they have in common

  1. Step 1. Centrifugal pump — is part of — Heart–lung machine. A pump-oxygenator.
  2. Step 2. Heart–lung machine — evolved into — Artificial heart. Experience with cardiopulmonary bypass.
  3. Step 3. Artificial heart — has part — Piston pump. A pulsatile pump.
  4. Step 4. Piston pump — works like — Syringe. A syringe is a hand-operated piston pump.
  5. Step 5. Syringe — has part — Needle. A hollow needle.

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