Pendulum clock and diesel engine: what they have in common

1. Step 1. Pendulum clock — evolved into — Quartz clock. Quartz replaced the pendulum as the frequency standard.
2. Step 2. Quartz clock — uses — Piezoelectric effect. The quartz resonator vibrates thanks to the piezoelectric effect.
3. Step 3. Piezoelectric effect — is used in — Sonar. Langevin’s transducer is piezoelectric quartz.
4. Step 4. Sonar — is part of — Submarine. Underwater acoustics.
5. Step 5. Submarine — has part — Diesel engine. Diesel-electric submarines.

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