Plumbing and telescope: what they have in common

  1. Step 1. Plumbing — has part — Water tower. Maintaining pressure.
  2. Step 2. Water tower — uses — Universal gravitation. Pressure from height.
  3. Step 3. Universal gravitation — evolved from — Kepler’s laws. Newton derived gravitation from Kepler’s laws.
  4. Step 4. Kepler’s laws — evolved from — Heliocentric system. A refinement of Copernicus.
  5. Step 5. Heliocentric system — uses — Telescope. Galileo’s confirmations.

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