Vacuum pump and paper machine: what they have in common

1. Step 1. Vacuum pump — evolved from — Piston pump. Guericke adapted the piston pump to pump out air.
2. Step 2. Piston pump — is part of — Concrete pump. A piston pump.
3. Step 3. Concrete pump — has part — Hydraulic cylinder. Hydraulics.
4. Step 4. Hydraulic cylinder — is part of — Tunnel boring machine. Hydraulic cylinders push the machine forward.
5. Step 5. Tunnel boring machine — has part — Conveyor belt. Spoil is removed by a conveyor.
6. Step 6. Conveyor belt — works like — Paper machine. Fourdrinier’s endless wire mesh moves like a conveyor belt, forming the web of paper.

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