Wood pulp and industrial robot: what they have in common

1. Step 1. Wood pulp — is material for — Newspaper. Cheap newsprint.
2. Step 2. Newspaper — uses — Rotary printing press. Mass print runs.
3. Step 3. Rotary printing press — evolved from — Gutenberg printing press. Cylinders instead of a flat press.
4. Step 4. Gutenberg printing press — works like — Jacquard loom. An analogy, not proven influence: both set type and a chain of punched cards are a replaceable pattern that a machine reproduces over and over.
5. Step 5. Jacquard loom — uses — Program control of a machine. The chain of cards is the program of the pattern.
6. Step 6. Program control of a machine — is used in — Industrial robot. The movements are recorded in a program.

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