Sundial gnomon e GPS (satellite navigation): o que têm em comum

1. Passo 1. Sundial gnomon — faz parte de — Sundial. A rod that casts a shadow.
2. Passo 2. Sundial — funciona como — Water clock (clepsydra). Two ancient ways to measure time: by a shadow and by flowing water.
3. Passo 3. Water clock (clepsydra) — evoluiu para — Mechanical clock. Mechanical clocks replaced water clocks, swapping the flow of water for an escapement.
4. Passo 4. Mechanical clock — evoluiu para — Quartz clock. Quartz clocks replaced mechanical ones: a vibrating quartz crystal took the place of the pendulum and balance.
5. Passo 5. Quartz clock — evoluiu para — Relógio atômico. The quartz oscillator is tuned to an atomic standard.
6. Passo 6. Relógio atômico — é utilizado em — GPS (satellite navigation). The satellites carry atomic clocks; the position is calculated from signal arrival times.

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