Sonar transducer and mechanical clock: what they have in common

1. Step 1. Sonar transducer — is part of — Echo sounder. It sends out a sound pulse.
2. Step 2. Echo sounder — has part — Hydrophone. A hydrophone listens for the echo.
3. Step 3. Hydrophone — uses — Piezoelectric effect. A piezo element.
4. Step 4. Piezoelectric effect — is used in — Quartz clock. The quartz resonator vibrates thanks to the piezoelectric effect.
5. Step 5. Quartz clock — evolved from — Mechanical clock. Quartz clocks replaced mechanical ones: a vibrating quartz crystal took the place of the pendulum and balance.

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