Lithium-ion battery

part · 1991 · Digital age

A rechargeable battery in which lithium ions move between the electrodes.

What it is made of

Anode (graphite) — has part. The graphite anode takes in lithium ions during charging.
Cathode (lithium metal oxide) — has part. The lithium metal oxide cathode gives up ions during charging.
Electrolyte — has part. The electrolyte conducts ions but not electrons.
Separator — has part. The separator keeps the electrodes apart and prevents a short circuit.

Electrochemical reaction — uses. Electrons flow through the external circuit while lithium ions move between the electrodes.
Intercalation — uses. Lithium ions reversibly enter the lattice of the graphite and the cathode.
Lithium — is made of. Lithium.

Traction battery — is part of. The battery is assembled from many lithium-ion cells.
Smartphone — is part of. Power comes from a lithium-ion (lithium-polymer) battery.
Smartwatch — is part of. Powered by a lithium-ion battery.
Electric scooter — is part of. A lithium-ion battery.
Electric bicycle — is part of. A battery.
Quadcopter (drone) — is part of. A lithium-polymer battery.
Grid battery storage — is part of. Lithium-ion modules.
Laptop — is part of. A battery.
Robot vacuum — is part of. A battery.
Pacemaker — is part of. A lithium battery (lithium–iodine).
Segway — is part of. A battery.
Power bank — is part of. A battery.
Wireless earbuds — is part of. A battery.
Exoskeleton — is part of. A battery.
Warehouse robot — is part of. A battery.
Implantable defibrillator — is part of. Power comes from a lithium battery.
Electric unicycle — is part of. A lithium-ion battery.
Portable speaker — is part of. A lithium-ion battery.
Hoverboard — is part of. A lithium-ion battery.
Mobile phone — is part of. A battery.

Lead–acid battery — evolved from. The lithium-ion battery is the next generation of rechargeable chemical current sources, with higher specific energy.
Solid-state battery — evolved into. The liquid electrolyte is replaced by a solid one.