17th-century inventions
63 inventos y descubrimientos: año, qué es, de qué evolucionó y a qué llevó.
| Año | Invento | Qué es | Evolucionó de | Llevó a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1602 | Péndulo | A weight on a suspension with a constant period of swing (Galileo). | ||
| 1602 | Resonancia | A sharp rise in oscillations when frequencies match. | ||
| 1605 | Periódico | A periodical printed publication. | Blog | |
| 1608 | Telescopio Hans Lippershay, Juan Roget | An optical instrument for observing distant objects (Lipperhey, Galileo). | Gafas | Prismáticos |
| 1609 | Leyes de Kepler | The laws of planetary motion. | Sistema heliocéntrico | Gravitación universal |
| 1610 | Llave de chispa | Igniting the powder with a spark from a flint. | Llave de rueda | Cápsula fulminante |
| 1611 | Reflexión interna total | Light does not leave a medium at a large angle of incidence. | ||
| 1614 | Logaritmo John Napier | A function that reduces multiplication to addition (Napier). | ||
| 1615 | Triangulación | Surveying with a network of triangles (Snellius). | ||
| 1620 | Submarino | A vessel that can dive; the first was Drebbel’s. | Submarino nuclear | |
| 1620 | Método científico | Observation, hypothesis, experiment (Bacon, Galileo). | ||
| 1622 | Regla de cálculo | An analogue instrument for multiplying with logarithms. | ||
| 1631 | Calibre vernier | An instrument for measuring dimensions precisely with a vernier scale (Vernier). | Regla | Micrómetro |
| 1637 | Coordenadas cartesianas | Numbers as points on a plane (Descartes). | ||
| 1642 | Calculadora mecánica | The Pascaline — a machine for adding and subtracting. | Calculadora escalonada de Leibniz, Máquina diferencial de Babbage | |
| 1643 | Barómetro Evangelista Torricelli | Torricelli’s instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure. | Altímetro | |
| 1647 | Presión | Force per unit area; Torricelli measured atmospheric pressure. | ||
| 1650 | Bomba de vacío | Otto von Guericke’s pump for evacuating air. | Bomba de pistón | Bomba de aire de Boyle |
| 1650 | Bomba contra incendios | A hand-operated piston pump for fighting fires. | Camión de bomberos | |
| 1650 | Bayoneta | A blade fixed to a barrel. | ||
| 1650 | Corbata | A neck band. | ||
| 1653 | Hidráulica | Pressure in a liquid is transmitted equally in all directions. | ||
| 1653 | Buzón | A box for letters. | ||
| 1654 | Vacío | A rarefied space; Guericke’s experiments with the Magdeburg hemispheres. | ||
| 1654 | Estación meteorológica | A set of weather instruments (the Medici network). | ||
| 1654 | Teoría de la probabilidad | Pascal and Fermat; later Kolmogorov. | Dado | |
| 1655 | Silla de ruedas | A chair on wheels; the self-propelled one — Farffler. | Muletas | |
| 1656 | Reloj de péndulo Christiaan Huygens | Huygens’s clock, in which a pendulum sets the pace. | Reloj mecánico | Reloj de cuarzo |
| 1657 | Escape de áncora | An escapement with an anchor that made clocks more accurate. | ||
| 1659 | Fuerza centrífuga | The tendency of a rotating body to move away from the axis. | ||
| 1659 | Bomba de aire de Boyle | Boyle and Hooke’s pump for experiments with vacuum. | Bomba de vacío | |
| 1659 | Linterna mágica | A projector of images from glass slides (Huygens). | Proyector de cine | |
| 1660 | Elasticidad | The ability of a body to regain its shape; Hooke’s law. | ||
| 1661 | Manómetro | An instrument that measures the pressure of a gas or liquid: a U-shaped tube of liquid or a Bourdon tube with a needle. | Esfigmomanómetro | |
| 1661 | Nivel de burbuja | An instrument with a bubble for checking the horizontal (Thévenot). | ||
| 1662 | Estadística | Analysing data (Graunt). | ||
| 1662 | Ley de Boyle | The pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume. | ||
| 1663 | Máquina electrostática | A generator of static electricity (Guericke, Wimshurst). | Generador de Van de Graaff | |
| 1666 | Prisma | A glass body that splits light into a spectrum (Newton). | ||
| 1666 | Dispersión de la luz | Refraction depending on colour. | ||
| 1666 | Óptica corpuscular y ondulatoria | The nature of light: Newton, Huygens, Young. | Telescopio reflector | |
| 1668 | Telescopio reflector James Gregory | A telescope with a mirror instead of an objective lens (Newton). | Óptica corpuscular y ondulatoria | |
| 1676 | Ley de Hooke | Deformation is proportional to force. | ||
| 1676 | Velocidad de la luz Ole Rømer | The finite speed of light (Rømer). | ||
| 1678 | Teoría ondulatoria | Light and sound as waves (Huygens). | ||
| 1679 | Válvula de seguridad | Releases excess pressure (Papin). | ||
| 1679 | Olla a presión | Papin’s steam digester for cooking under pressure. | Máquina de Newcomen | |
| 1684 | Cálculo Isaac Newton, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz | Differential and integral calculus (Newton, Leibniz). | ||
| 1687 | Gravitación universal Robert Hooke | Newton’s law of gravitation. | Leyes de Kepler | |
| 1687 | Leyes de Newton Isaac Newton | The basic laws of mechanics. | ||
| 1687 | Fuerza de reacción Isaac Newton | Throwing mass one way pushes a body the other way (Newton’s third law). | ||
| 1687 | Movimiento orbital | A body moving around another under gravity. | ||
| 1689 | Bomba centrífuga | A pump in which liquid is accelerated by a spinning wheel. | ||
| 1689 | Impulsor | The rotating bladed wheel of a pump or compressor. | ||
| 1690 | Pistón | A part that moves in a cylinder under the pressure of gas or steam. | ||
| 1690 | Obús | A gun for high-angle fire. | Mortero (arma) | |
| 1694 | Calculadora escalonada de Leibniz | The first calculator that multiplied, using a stepped drum. | Calculadora mecánica | Aritmómetro |
| 1700 | Piano Bartolomeo Cristofori | A keyboard instrument with a hammer action (Cristofori). | Clavecín | |
| 1700 | Clarinete Johann Christoph Denner | A woodwind instrument with a reed (Denner). | Saxofón | |
| 1700 | Sartén de hierro fundido | A frying pan made of cast iron. | Sartén antiadherente | |
| 1700 | Martillo de piano | A wooden hammer with a felt head: when a key is pressed it strikes the string and springs straight back. | ||
| 1700 | Organillo | A mechanical organ with a pinned cylinder. | Pianola | |
| 1700 | Horno de leña | A dome-shaped oven. |