Stone Age inventions
98 invenções e descobertas: ano, o que é, do que evoluiu e a que levou.
Como as invenções se conectam
- Stone tool → Hoe → Plough
| Ano | Invenção | O que é | Evoluiu de | Levou a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3300000 a.C. | Stone tool | The oldest tools, made of knapped stone. | Needle, Sickle, Hammer, Knife | |
| 2500000 a.C. | Knife | A blade with a handle; the oldest cutting tool. | Stone tool | Scalpel |
| 1760000 a.C. | Hand axe | A bifacially worked stone tool of the Acheulean culture. | Machado | |
| 1000000 a.C. | Wedge | A simple machine: an inclined plane that pushes material apart. | ||
| 400000 a.C. | Leather | Hide treated by tanning. | ||
| 400000 a.C. | Fazer fogo Homo erectus, archaic human | The controlled use and production of fire. | Match, Lighter | |
| 400000 a.C. | Spear | A shaft with a sharp point. | Harpoon, Lança de fogo | |
| 200000 a.C. | Adesivo | A substance that joins surfaces. | ||
| 90000 a.C. | Harpoon | A thrown weapon with a barbed point. | Spear | |
| 70000 a.C. | Arco e flecha | A projectile weapon: an elastic bow stores the energy of the draw. | Besta, Dardos | |
| 50000 a.C. | Needle | A tool with an eye for sewing. | Stone tool | |
| 40000 a.C. | Giz | Soft limestone for writing. | ||
| 40000 a.C. | Paint | A pigment in a binder. | Esmalte de unhas | |
| 40000 a.C. | Footwear | Protection for the foot. | ||
| 40000 a.C. | Flauta | A wind instrument; the oldest ones are made of bone. | ||
| 30000 a.C. | Hammer | A striking tool. | Stone tool | Trip hammer, Steam hammer |
| 30000 a.C. | Carvão vegetal | Fuel made by heating wood without air. | ||
| 30000 a.C. | Abrasivo | A hard material for grinding (corundum, carborundum). | ||
| 30000 a.C. | Propulsor (atlatl) | A lever that extends the arm when throwing a spear. | ||
| 29000 a.C. | Oven | A closed chamber for cooking with heat. | ||
| 28000 a.C. | Rope | Twisted fibres that work in tension. | Wire rope, Corda de escalada | |
| 23000 a.C. | Anzol | A hook for catching fish. | ||
| 21000 a.C. | Boomerang | A curved throwing weapon; the returning kind owes its flight to aerodynamics. | ||
| 18000 a.C. | Pottery | Objects made of fired clay. | Saucepan | |
| 12000 a.C. | Pão | A baked product made from flour. | ||
| 12000 a.C. | Desidratação de alimentos | Preserving food by removing water. | Liofilização | |
| 10000 a.C. | Sickle | A curved blade for harvesting. | Stone tool | Lawn mower, Colheitadeira, Reaper, Scythe |
| 10000 a.C. | Ladder | Rungs between two uprights. | ||
| 10000 a.C. | Grain | The grain of cereals (wheat, barley, rice) grown in fields since the Neolithic. | ||
| 10000 a.C. | Cesta | A woven container. | Vassoura | |
| 10000 a.C. | Domesticação | Taming plants and animals; the Neolithic Revolution. | ||
| 10000 a.C. | Sling | A projectile weapon on a strap. | ||
| 10000 a.C. | Smoking | Treating food with smoke. | ||
| 9000 a.C. | Cobre | One of the first metals mastered by humans. | ||
| 9000 a.C. | Millstone | A stone disc for grinding grain. | ||
| 9000 a.C. | Quern | Two stones for grinding grain. | Gristmill, Threshing machine | |
| 8000 a.C. | Oar | A lever for rowing. | ||
| 8000 a.C. | Spindle | A rod for twisting fibre into thread. | Spinning wheel | |
| 8000 a.C. | Linen | A fabric of flax fibres; in Egypt it made clothing, sails and bandages. | ||
| 8000 a.C. | Barco | A small vessel propelled by oars. | Sailing ship | |
| 8000 a.C. | Hull | The displacing shell of a ship. | ||
| 8000 a.C. | Furadeira de arco | A drill turned by a bowstring; also used to make fire. | Furadeira elétrica | |
| 8000 a.C. | Well | A shaft for getting groundwater. | ||
| 8000 a.C. | Enxó | A tool with a blade set across the handle for dressing wood. | Stone tool | |
| 8000 a.C. | Fishing net | A woven mesh for catching fish. | ||
| 7000 a.C. | Tijolo | A building block of dried or fired clay. | ||
| 7000 a.C. | Lime | The product of burning limestone; the basis of ancient mortars. | ||
| 7000 a.C. | Etanol | Alcohol produced by fermentation; a fuel and a solvent. | ||
| 7000 a.C. | Sledge | A vehicle on runners. | Carro, Bobsleigh | |
| 7000 a.C. | Textile | A material made of interlaced threads. | ||
| 7000 a.C. | Fundação | The base of a building. | ||
| 7000 a.C. | Tanning | Treating hides with tanning agents. | ||
| 6500 a.C. | Feltro | A non-woven material of matted wool. | ||
| 6000 a.C. | Mirror | A reflecting surface. | ||
| 6000 a.C. | Kiln | A furnace for firing pottery, bricks and lime. | ||
| 6000 a.C. | Hoe | A tool for loosening soil. | Stone tool | Plough |
| 6000 a.C. | Wool | An animal fibre. | ||
| 6000 a.C. | Skis | Runners for travelling over snow. | Snowboard | |
| 6000 a.C. | Warp-weighted loom | An ancient loom whose warp threads are tensioned by weights. | ||
| 6000 a.C. | Machado | A wedge-shaped blade on a haft for chopping wood. | Hand axe | |
| 6000 a.C. | Irrigation | Artificial watering of fields. | ||
| 6000 a.C. | Mortar | A binding mixture for masonry. | Roman concrete | |
| 5500 a.C. | Tambor | A percussion instrument with a membrane. | ||
| 5000 a.C. | Algodão | A plant fibre. | ||
| 5000 a.C. | Loom | A device for interlacing warp and weft threads into cloth. | Power loom | |
| 5000 a.C. | Smelting | Extracting metal from ore by heating it with a reducing agent. | ||
| 5000 a.C. | Pente | A comb for hair. | ||
| 5000 a.C. | Fabricação de cerveja | Making a drink by fermenting grain. | ||
| 5000 a.C. | Yogurt | A fermented milk product. | ||
| 4500 a.C. | Oil lamp | A lamp with a wick in oil. | Incandescent light bulb, Kerosene lamp | |
| 4500 a.C. | Wick | A cord that feeds fuel to the flame by capillary action. | ||
| 4500 a.C. | Gold | A precious metal for jewellery and coins. | ||
| 4000 a.C. | Plough | A tool for tilling soil. | Hoe | Steel plough |
| 4000 a.C. | Paved road | A prepared way for carts; developed by the Romans. | ||
| 4000 a.C. | Yoke | A harness for a pair of oxen. | ||
| 4000 a.C. | Corante | A substance for colouring fabrics. | ||
| 4000 a.C. | Cisterna | A reservoir for storing water. | ||
| 4000 a.C. | Potter’s wheel | A spinning disc for shaping vessels; one of the first uses of rotation. | ||
| 4000 a.C. | Snowshoes | A wide support that spreads weight over snow. | ||
| 4000 a.C. | Índigo | A blue dye; synthesized by Baeyer in 1880. | Synthetic dye | |
| 4000 a.C. | Cosméticos | Products for care and make-up. | ||
| 3500 a.C. | Glass | An amorphous material made from molten silica. | ||
| 3500 a.C. | Wheel | A disc that turns on an axle; one of the oldest inventions for moving loads. | ||
| 3500 a.C. | Eixo | A rod on which a wheel turns. | ||
| 3500 a.C. | Carro | A wheeled vehicle drawn by animals. | Sledge | Biga, Carruagem |
| 3500 a.C. | Sail | A sheet of cloth that uses the force of the wind. | ||
| 3500 a.C. | Freio e bridão | Harness for controlling a horse. | ||
| 3500 a.C. | Jogo de tabuleiro | Games on a board (senet, go). | Video game | |
| 3500 a.C. | Spinning top | A toy kept stable by its rotation. | ||
| 3500 a.C. | Selo cilíndrico | A carved stone cylinder rolled over clay — an early way to reproduce an image. | ||
| 3400 a.C. | Nail | A metal rod for fastening parts together. | ||
| 3300 a.C. | Bronze | An alloy of copper and tin that gave its name to an age. | ||
| 3300 a.C. | Tin | A metal added to copper to make bronze. | ||
| 3300 a.C. | Liga metálica | A mixture of metals with new properties. | ||
| 3300 a.C. | Mochila | A bag worn on the back (Ötzi had one). | ||
| 3200 a.C. | Fundição | Making an object by pouring molten material into a mould. | ||
| 3200 a.C. | Writing | Recording speech with signs. | Alfabeto, Braille | |
| 3200 a.C. | Escrita cuneiforme Sumerians | A script pressed into clay tablets. |