History of household appliances
203 invenções por ano: do que cada uma evoluiu e a que levou.
Como as invenções se conectam
| Ano | Invenção | O que é | Evoluiu de | Levou a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 29000 a.C. | Oven | A closed chamber for cooking with heat. | ||
| 12000 a.C. | Pão | A baked product made from flour. | ||
| 12000 a.C. | Desidratação de alimentos | Preserving food by removing water. | Liofilização | |
| 10000 a.C. | Cesta | A woven container. | Vassoura | |
| 10000 a.C. | Smoking | Treating food with smoke. | ||
| 5000 a.C. | Pente | A comb for hair. | ||
| 5000 a.C. | Yogurt | A fermented milk product. | ||
| 4500 a.C. | Oil lamp | A lamp with a wick in oil. | Incandescent light bulb, Kerosene lamp | |
| 4500 a.C. | Wick | A cord that feeds fuel to the flame by capillary action. | ||
| 3500 a.C. | Jogo de tabuleiro | Games on a board (senet, go). | Video game | |
| 3500 a.C. | Spinning top | A toy kept stable by its rotation. | ||
| 3000 a.C. | Dado | Cubes for random numbers. | Probability theory | |
| 3000 a.C. | Whistle | A sound signal made by a stream of air. | ||
| 3000 a.C. | Tandoor | A clay jar-shaped oven. | ||
| 3000 a.C. | Hairpin | A hair clip. | ||
| 2000 a.C. | Boneca | A toy figure of a person. | ||
| 2000 a.C. | Saucepan | A vessel for boiling. | Pottery | |
| 2000 a.C. | Prensa de queijos | Pressing whey out of curd. | ||
| 2000 a.C. | Batedeira de manteiga | Churning butter from cream. | ||
| 2000 a.C. | Salting | Preserving food with salt. | ||
| 1780 a.C. | Ice house | A store of natural ice for keeping food cold. | Refrigerator | |
| 1600 a.C. | Bola | Rubber balls of the Mesoamericans; leather balls in Europe. | ||
| 1500 a.C. | Scissors | Two blades on a pivot — a pair of levers. | ||
| 1500 a.C. | Glass bottle | A glass vessel; machine production — Owens, 1903. | Plastic bottle | |
| 1200 a.C. | Pauzinhos | Two sticks — a third-class lever. | ||
| 1000 a.C. | Kettle | A vessel for boiling water. | Chaleira elétrica | |
| 1000 a.C. | Vassoura | A bundle of twigs for sweeping. | Cesta | Mop |
| 1000 a.C. | Umbrella | A folding canopy on ribs. | ||
| 1000 a.C. | Talheres | Spoons, forks, knives. | ||
| 1000 a.C. | Sponge | A porous material (synthetic ones since the 1930s). | ||
| 500 a.C. | Yo-yo | A disc on a string. | ||
| 500 a.C. | Haltere | A piece of exercise equipment. | ||
| 500 a.C. | Stilts | Poles with foot rests. | ||
| 500 a.C. | Vela | A wick in solid fuel. | ||
| 350 a.C. | Barril | A wooden container of staves bound with hoops. | ||
| 200 a.C. | Wok | A Chinese round-bottomed pan. | ||
| 100 a.C. | Hypocaust | Roman underfloor heating with hot air. | Aquecimento central | |
| 600 | Xadrez | A strategy board game. | ||
| 900 | Playing cards | Cards printed by woodblock. | ||
| 1000 | Garfo | A piece of cutlery with tines. | ||
| 1470 | Bilhar | A table with balls and a cue. | ||
| 1500 | Towel | Terry cloth. | ||
| 1500 | Heating stove | A stove for warming a home; the Russian stove, the Franklin stove. | ||
| 1596 | Flush toilet | A toilet with a flush (Harington; Cumming’s S-trap, 1775). | ||
| 1600 | Wallet | A case for money. | ||
| 1600 | Rocking horse | A toy on curved rockers. | ||
| 1679 | Pressure cooker | Papin’s steam digester for cooking under pressure. | Newcomen engine | |
| 1700 | Frigideira de ferro fundido | A frying pan made of cast iron. | Non-stick pan | |
| 1700 | Wood-fired oven | A dome-shaped oven. | ||
| 1766 | Jigsaw puzzle John Spilsbury | A picture made of pieces (Spilsbury). | ||
| 1767 | Shower François Merry Delabost | Water supplied from above. | ||
| 1767 | Água gaseificada | Water charged with CO₂ (Priestley). | ||
| 1770 | Kitchen scale | Scales for food. | ||
| 1778 | Samovar | A vessel for boiling water with an internal firebox. | ||
| 1780 | Toothbrush | A brush for cleaning teeth. | Escova de dentes elétrica | |
| 1787 | Despertador | A clock with a signal (Hutchins). | Smartphone | |
| 1795 | Saca-rolhas | A spiral screw for corks. | ||
| 1796 | Bicicleta ergométrica | A stationary bicycle. | ||
| 1804 | Water filter | Purifying water by filtering it through sand and charcoal. | ||
| 1807 | Gas lamp | Street lighting with coal gas. | Incandescent light bulb, Street light | |
| 1809 | Conservação em lata | Sterilizing food in sealed containers (Appert). | ||
| 1810 | Lata de conserva | A tinplate can for storing food (Durand). | Lata de alumínio | |
| 1816 | Kaleidoscope David Brewster | A tube with mirrors (Brewster). | ||
| 1818 | Extintor | A portable means of putting out fires (Manby). | ||
| 1823 | Lighter | A device for making fire (Döbereiner; flint lighters came later). | Fazer fogo | |
| 1826 | Match | Phosphorus matches, then safety matches. | Fazer fogo | |
| 1826 | Gas stove | A stove running on gas. | ||
| 1829 | Soda siphon | A vessel with a valve under pressure. | ||
| 1830 | Aquecimento central | Heating a building from one boiler through radiators. | Hypocaust | |
| 1830 | Lawn mower | Budding’s machine with rotating blades. | Sickle, Scythe | |
| 1831 | Campainha elétrica | A bell driven by an electromagnet (Henry). | ||
| 1835 | Wall mirror | A glass mirror with silvering (Liebig). | ||
| 1837 | Mop | A cloth on a stick. | Vassoura | |
| 1843 | Ice cream maker | A hand-cranked machine for ice cream (Johnson). | ||
| 1845 | Tap | A valve for water. | ||
| 1845 | Meat grinder | An auger feeds meat to a blade (Drais). | ||
| 1847 | Chocolate | Solid chocolate (Fry); conching — Lindt, 1879. | ||
| 1850 | Mangle | Rollers for wringing laundry. | Washing machine | |
| 1850 | Campainha escolar | An electric bell rung on a schedule. | ||
| 1850 | Grill | Cooking on a grate. | ||
| 1851 | Ice machine | A machine for making ice (Gorrie). | Refrigerator | |
| 1853 | Alarme antifurto | Pope’s alarm built on electromagnets. | ||
| 1853 | Prendedor de roupa | A peg with a spring. | ||
| 1853 | Kerosene lamp | A lamp burning kerosene (Łukasiewicz). | Oil lamp | |
| 1855 | Abridor de latas | A tool for opening cans. | ||
| 1856 | Batedor de ovos | A hand whisk with gears. | Mixer | |
| 1857 | Toilet paper | Paper in rolls (Gayetty). | ||
| 1859 | Spray bottle | A hand sprayer. | ||
| 1859 | Taco de beisebol | A wooden bat. | ||
| 1860 | Carrossel John Joseph Merlin | A rotating platform with seats. | ||
| 1863 | Bola de futebol | A ball with an inflatable bladder. | ||
| 1864 | Pasteurization Louis Pasteur | Heating to kill microbes (Pasteur). | ||
| 1869 | Margarine Hippolyte Mège-Mouriès | A butter substitute (Mège-Mouriès). | ||
| 1871 | Paper bag Margaret E. Knight | A flat-bottomed bag (Margaret Knight). | Plastic bag | |
| 1871 | Spring mattress | A mattress with steel springs. | ||
| 1872 | Modelador de cachos | Pinças aquecidas para encaracolar o cabelo; Marcel Grateau criou a «onda Marcel» com pinças aquecidas em 1872, e depois elas se tornaram… | Permanente | |
| 1873 | Toothpaste | A paste for cleaning teeth (Colgate); fluoride paste in the 1950s. | ||
| 1874 | Tennis racket | A racket with strings. | ||
| 1875 | Treadmill | An exercise machine with a moving belt. | ||
| 1876 | Varredora de carpete | A mechanical sweeper (Bissell). | Vacuum cleaner | |
| 1880 | Bobsleigh | A steerable sled. | Sledge | |
| 1882 | Ventilador elétrico | A fan with an electric motor. | ||
| 1882 | Ferro elétrico | An iron with a heating element. | ||
| 1883 | Thermostat Warren Seymour Johnson | Keeps a set temperature (bimetal, electronics). | ||
| 1884 | Máquina de café expresso Angelo Moriondo | Making coffee with steam under pressure (Moriondo). | ||
| 1884 | Roller coaster | Cars on inclined rails. | ||
| 1884 | Light switch | Opens and closes a circuit. | ||
| 1884 | Lipstick | Lip colour in a case. | ||
| 1886 | Lava-louças Josephine Cochrane | Josephine Cochrane’s machine. | ||
| 1888 | Desodorante | A product against the smell of sweat. | ||
| 1889 | Water heater | Heats water for the home. | ||
| 1890 | Heating element | A high-resistance conductor that turns current into heat. | ||
| 1890 | Matryoshka Vasily Zvyozdochkin | A wooden nesting doll (Zvyozdochkin, Malyutin). | ||
| 1890 | Caixa de papelão | Corrugated board (Gair). | ||
| 1891 | Cesta de basquete James Naismith | Naismith’s basket. | ||
| 1891 | Chaleira elétrica | An appliance that boils water with a heating element. | Kettle | |
| 1891 | Model railway | A model of a railway (Märklin). | ||
| 1892 | Ironing board | A folding board for ironing. | ||
| 1892 | Tampa corona | A metal bottle cap (Painter). | ||
| 1892 | Vacuum flask | A Dewar vessel with a vacuum layer. | Vaso de Dewar | |
| 1892 | Fogão elétrico | A stove with heating elements. | ||
| 1893 | Toaster | An appliance that toasts bread with a red-hot coil. It became practical once durable nichrome wire appeared. | ||
| 1894 | Intercom | A door entry phone. | ||
| 1896 | Dardos | A target for darts. | Arco e flecha | |
| 1898 | Golf ball | A ball with a rubber-thread core and dimples (Haskell). | ||
| 1899 | Lanterna | A battery-powered lamp. | ||
| 1900 | Surfboard | A board for riding waves. | Snowboard | |
| 1900 | Lampião de carbureto | A miner’s lamp burning acetylene. | Lâmpada de Davy | |
| 1901 | Vacuum cleaner Hubert Cecil Booth | Cleaning by sucking up dust (Booth; the electric one — Spangler). | Varredora de carpete | Robot vacuum |
| 1901 | Jogo de construção metálico | The Meccano set (Hornby). | LEGO bricks | |
| 1901 | Safety razor | A razor with a replaceable blade (Gillette). | ||
| 1901 | Instant coffee | Dried coffee extract. | ||
| 1902 | Ar-condicionado | Carrier’s unit for cooling and drying air. | ||
| 1902 | Teddy bear | A soft toy (Steiff, Michtom). | ||
| 1903 | Cabide | A wire hanger (Parkhouse). | ||
| 1904 | Power socket | A connector for plugging in appliances. | ||
| 1906 | Liofilização | Drying a frozen product in a vacuum. | Desidratação de alimentos | |
| 1908 | Washing machine | An electric machine for washing clothes. | Mangle | |
| 1908 | Mixer | Whisking with beaters driven by a motor. | Batedor de ovos | |
| 1908 | Filtro de café Melitta Bentz | Melitta Bentz’s filter. | ||
| 1908 | Tea bag | A single serving of tea in a pouch. | ||
| 1909 | Chapinha | Duas placas aquecidas que alisam uma mecha entre elas; patenteada em 1909 por Isaac Shero. | ||
| 1910 | Papel alumínio | Thinly rolled aluminium. | ||
| 1910 | Mosquetão | A steel ring with a gate. | ||
| 1911 | Hair dryer | A fan with a heater. | ||
| 1913 | Refrigerator | A household refrigerator with a compressor. | Ice house, Ice machine | |
| 1916 | Supermarket | A self-service store (Piggly Wiggly). | ||
| 1921 | Whistling kettle | Steam passes through a whistle. | ||
| 1922 | Liquidificador | An electric motor with blades. | Processador de alimentos | |
| 1924 | Paper tissues | Facial tissues (Kleenex). | ||
| 1924 | Congelamento rápido | Freezing food rapidly (Birdseye). | ||
| 1927 | Aerossol | A pressurized can with a sprayer (Rotheim). | ||
| 1929 | Sunglasses | Glasses with tinted lenses. | Óculos | |
| 1929 | Prensa francesa | A coffee maker with a mesh plunger. | ||
| 1930 | Fita adesiva | Drew’s transparent tape (3M). | ||
| 1931 | Pinball | A machine with a ball and flippers. | Fliperama | |
| 1933 | Moka pot | Bialetti’s coffee maker. | ||
| 1936 | Trampoline | A net on springs (Nissen). | ||
| 1937 | Shopping trolley | A supermarket trolley (Goldman). | ||
| 1938 | Secadora | A drum dryer. | ||
| 1938 | Sunscreen | Protecting skin from ultraviolet. | ||
| 1940 | Congelador | A deep-freeze compartment. | ||
| 1942 | Security camera | A video surveillance system (CCTV). | ||
| 1943 | Regulador de mergulho | A regulator that supplies air on inhalation. | ||
| 1943 | Aqualung Jacques Cousteau | A self-contained breathing apparatus (Cousteau, Gagnan). | Traje de mergulho | |
| 1945 | Forno de convecção | An oven with a fan. | Fritadeira elétrica | |
| 1945 | Corda de escalada | A dynamic nylon rope. | Rope | |
| 1947 | Coffee vending machine | A machine for drinks. | ||
| 1947 | Microwave oven Percy Spencer | Heating food with microwaves (Spencer). | Radar | |
| 1948 | Fralda descartável | A nappy with a superabsorbent. | ||
| 1949 | Cling film | A thin polymer film. | ||
| 1950 | Remote control Nikola Tesla, Robert Adler | Operating a device from a distance; infrared remotes date from the 1980s. | ||
| 1950 | Motion sensor | A passive infrared presence sensor. | ||
| 1952 | Tetra Pak | A laminated carton package. | ||
| 1952 | Boliche | Automatic setting of pins. | ||
| 1954 | Escova de dentes elétrica | A toothbrush with a small motor. | Toothbrush | |
| 1954 | Non-stick pan | A frying pan with a Teflon coating (Tefal). | Frigideira de ferro fundido | |
| 1955 | Rice cooker | Automatic rice cooking (Toshiba). | Multicooker | |
| 1957 | Wet wipes | Impregnated non-woven wipes. | ||
| 1958 | LEGO bricks Ole Kirk Christiansen | A construction toy of moulded plastic. | Jogo de construção metálico | |
| 1959 | Lata de alumínio | A can for drinks. | Lata de conserva | |
| 1963 | Vacuum sealer | Pumps the air out of a bag. | ||
| 1965 | Snowboard | A board for riding down snow. | Surfboard, Skis | |
| 1965 | Smoke detector | A sensor for smoke. | ||
| 1965 | Plastic bag | A polyethylene bag (Thulin). | Paper bag | |
| 1970 | Wheeled suitcase | A suitcase with wheels (Sadow). | ||
| 1970 | Balança eletrônica | Scales with a strain gauge. | Balança | |
| 1971 | Multicooker Irving Naxon | A pot with a heater and programs. | Rice cooker | |
| 1971 | Processador de alimentos | A multifunction kitchen machine. | Liquidificador | |
| 1973 | Induction hob | A hob that heats cookware with eddy currents. | ||
| 1973 | Plastic bottle | A bottle made of PET (Wyeth). | Glass bottle | |
| 1974 | Rubik’s Cube Ernő Rubik | A mechanical puzzle. | ||
| 1974 | Sous vide Benjamin Thompson | Cooking in a vacuum bag at a precise temperature. | ||
| 1980 | Cabine de unhas UV/LED | Lâmpada UV ou LED que endurece o esmalte em gel em cerca de um minuto. | ||
| 1986 | Máquina de pão | Automatic bread baking. | ||
| 1992 | Self-checkout | A till where shoppers scan the goods themselves. | Caixa registradora | |
| 2000 | Smart home | A network of controllable household devices. | ||
| 2002 | Robot vacuum | An autonomous vacuum cleaner (Roomba). | Vacuum cleaner | |
| 2008 | LED lamp | A lamp built on white LEDs. | Incandescent light bulb | |
| 2010 | Fritadeira elétrica | A mini convection oven. | Forno de convecção | |
| 2013 | Smart lock | A lock controlled from a smartphone. | Lock and key | |
| 2014 | Smart speaker | A speaker with a voice assistant. | ||
| Bobes | Pequenos cilindros em que se enrola o cabelo para que seque em cachos; os bobes térmicos são aquecidos antes do uso. |