History of household appliances
203 inventos por año: de qué evolucionó cada uno y a qué llevó.
Cómo se conectan los inventos
| Año | Invento | Qué es | Evolucionó de | Llevó a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 29000 a. C. | Horno | A closed chamber for cooking with heat. | ||
| 12000 a. C. | Pan | A baked product made from flour. | ||
| 12000 a. C. | Deshidratación de alimentos | Preserving food by removing water. | Liofilización | |
| 10000 a. C. | Cesta | A woven container. | Escoba | |
| 10000 a. C. | Ahumado | Treating food with smoke. | ||
| 5000 a. C. | Peine | A comb for hair. | ||
| 5000 a. C. | Yogur | A fermented milk product. | ||
| 4500 a. C. | Lámpara de aceite | A lamp with a wick in oil. | Bombilla incandescente, Lámpara de queroseno | |
| 4500 a. C. | Mecha | A cord that feeds fuel to the flame by capillary action. | ||
| 3500 a. C. | Juego de mesa | Games on a board (senet, go). | Videojuego | |
| 3500 a. C. | Trompo | A toy kept stable by its rotation. | ||
| 3000 a. C. | Dado | Cubes for random numbers. | Teoría de la probabilidad | |
| 3000 a. C. | Silbato | A sound signal made by a stream of air. | ||
| 3000 a. C. | Tandoor | A clay jar-shaped oven. | ||
| 3000 a. C. | Horquilla | A hair clip. | ||
| 2000 a. C. | Muñeca | A toy figure of a person. | ||
| 2000 a. C. | Cacerola | A vessel for boiling. | Cerámica | |
| 2000 a. C. | Prensa de quesos | Pressing whey out of curd. | ||
| 2000 a. C. | Mantequera | Churning butter from cream. | ||
| 2000 a. C. | Salazón | Preserving food with salt. | ||
| 1780 a. C. | Casa de hielo | A store of natural ice for keeping food cold. | Refrigerador | |
| 1600 a. C. | Pelota | Rubber balls of the Mesoamericans; leather balls in Europe. | ||
| 1500 a. C. | Tijeras | Two blades on a pivot — a pair of levers. | ||
| 1500 a. C. | Botella de vidrio | A glass vessel; machine production — Owens, 1903. | Botella de plástico | |
| 1200 a. C. | Palillos | Two sticks — a third-class lever. | ||
| 1000 a. C. | Hervidor | A vessel for boiling water. | Hervidor eléctrico | |
| 1000 a. C. | Escoba | A bundle of twigs for sweeping. | Cesta | Fregona |
| 1000 a. C. | Paraguas | A folding canopy on ribs. | ||
| 1000 a. C. | Cubiertos | Spoons, forks, knives. | ||
| 1000 a. C. | Esponja | A porous material (synthetic ones since the 1930s). | ||
| 500 a. C. | Yo-yo | A disc on a string. | ||
| 500 a. C. | Mancuerna | A piece of exercise equipment. | ||
| 500 a. C. | Zancos | Poles with foot rests. | ||
| 500 a. C. | Vela | A wick in solid fuel. | ||
| 350 a. C. | Barril | A wooden container of staves bound with hoops. | ||
| 200 a. C. | Wok | A Chinese round-bottomed pan. | ||
| 100 a. C. | Hipocausto | Roman underfloor heating with hot air. | Calefacción central | |
| 600 | Ajedrez | A strategy board game. | ||
| 900 | Naipes | Cards printed by woodblock. | ||
| 1000 | Tenedor | A piece of cutlery with tines. | ||
| 1470 | Billar | A table with balls and a cue. | ||
| 1500 | Toalla | Terry cloth. | ||
| 1500 | Estufa | A stove for warming a home; the Russian stove, the Franklin stove. | ||
| 1596 | Inodoro | A toilet with a flush (Harington; Cumming’s S-trap, 1775). | ||
| 1600 | Billetera | A case for money. | ||
| 1600 | Caballo mecedor | A toy on curved rockers. | ||
| 1679 | Olla a presión | Papin’s steam digester for cooking under pressure. | Máquina de Newcomen | |
| 1700 | Sartén de hierro fundido | A frying pan made of cast iron. | Sartén antiadherente | |
| 1700 | Horno de leña | A dome-shaped oven. | ||
| 1766 | Rompecabezas John Spilsbury | A picture made of pieces (Spilsbury). | ||
| 1767 | Ducha François Merry Delabost | Water supplied from above. | ||
| 1767 | Agua carbonatada | Water charged with CO₂ (Priestley). | ||
| 1770 | Balanza de cocina | Scales for food. | ||
| 1778 | Samovar | A vessel for boiling water with an internal firebox. | ||
| 1780 | Cepillo de dientes | A brush for cleaning teeth. | Cepillo de dientes eléctrico | |
| 1787 | Despertador | A clock with a signal (Hutchins). | Smartphone | |
| 1795 | Sacacorchos | A spiral screw for corks. | ||
| 1796 | Bicicleta estática | A stationary bicycle. | ||
| 1804 | Filtro de agua | Purifying water by filtering it through sand and charcoal. | ||
| 1807 | Lámpara de gas | Street lighting with coal gas. | Bombilla incandescente, Alumbrado público | |
| 1809 | Conservación en lata | Sterilizing food in sealed containers (Appert). | ||
| 1810 | Lata de conserva | A tinplate can for storing food (Durand). | Lata de bebida | |
| 1816 | Caleidoscopio David Brewster | A tube with mirrors (Brewster). | ||
| 1818 | Extintor | A portable means of putting out fires (Manby). | ||
| 1823 | Mechero | A device for making fire (Döbereiner; flint lighters came later). | Hacer fuego | |
| 1826 | Fósforo | Phosphorus matches, then safety matches. | Hacer fuego | |
| 1826 | Cocina de gas | A stove running on gas. | ||
| 1829 | Sifón de soda | A vessel with a valve under pressure. | ||
| 1830 | Calefacción central | Heating a building from one boiler through radiators. | Hipocausto | |
| 1830 | Cortacésped | Budding’s machine with rotating blades. | Hoz, Guadaña | |
| 1831 | Timbre eléctrico | A bell driven by an electromagnet (Henry). | ||
| 1835 | Espejo de pared | A glass mirror with silvering (Liebig). | ||
| 1837 | Fregona | A cloth on a stick. | Escoba | |
| 1843 | Máquina de helados | A hand-cranked machine for ice cream (Johnson). | ||
| 1845 | Grifo | A valve for water. | ||
| 1845 | Picadora de carne | An auger feeds meat to a blade (Drais). | ||
| 1847 | Chocolate | Solid chocolate (Fry); conching — Lindt, 1879. | ||
| 1850 | Escurridor | Rollers for wringing laundry. | Lavadora | |
| 1850 | Timbre escolar | An electric bell rung on a schedule. | ||
| 1850 | Parrilla | Cooking on a grate. | ||
| 1851 | Máquina de hielo | A machine for making ice (Gorrie). | Refrigerador | |
| 1853 | Alarma antirrobo | Pope’s alarm built on electromagnets. | ||
| 1853 | Pinza de ropa | A peg with a spring. | ||
| 1853 | Lámpara de queroseno | A lamp burning kerosene (Łukasiewicz). | Lámpara de aceite | |
| 1855 | Abrelatas | A tool for opening cans. | ||
| 1856 | Batidor de huevos | A hand whisk with gears. | Batidora | |
| 1857 | Papel higiénico | Paper in rolls (Gayetty). | ||
| 1859 | Botella pulverizadora | A hand sprayer. | ||
| 1859 | Bate de béisbol | A wooden bat. | ||
| 1860 | Carrusel John Joseph Merlin | A rotating platform with seats. | ||
| 1863 | Balón de fútbol | A ball with an inflatable bladder. | ||
| 1864 | Pasteurización Louis Pasteur | Heating to kill microbes (Pasteur). | ||
| 1869 | Margarina Hippolyte Mège-Mouriès | A butter substitute (Mège-Mouriès). | ||
| 1871 | Bolsa de papel Margaret E. Knight | A flat-bottomed bag (Margaret Knight). | Bolsa de plástico | |
| 1871 | Colchón de muelles | A mattress with steel springs. | ||
| 1872 | Rizador de pelo | Tenacillas calientes para rizar el pelo; Marcel Grateau creó la «onda Marcel» con tenacillas calientes en 1872, y más tarde se volvieron… | Permanente | |
| 1873 | Dentífrico | A paste for cleaning teeth (Colgate); fluoride paste in the 1950s. | ||
| 1874 | Raqueta de tenis | A racket with strings. | ||
| 1875 | Cinta de correr | An exercise machine with a moving belt. | ||
| 1876 | Barredora de alfombras | A mechanical sweeper (Bissell). | Aspiradora | |
| 1880 | Bobsleigh | A steerable sled. | Trineo | |
| 1882 | Ventilador eléctrico | A fan with an electric motor. | ||
| 1882 | Plancha eléctrica | An iron with a heating element. | ||
| 1883 | Termostato Warren Seymour Johnson | Keeps a set temperature (bimetal, electronics). | ||
| 1884 | Máquina de espresso Angelo Moriondo | Making coffee with steam under pressure (Moriondo). | ||
| 1884 | Montaña rusa | Cars on inclined rails. | ||
| 1884 | Interruptor de luz | Opens and closes a circuit. | ||
| 1884 | Barra de labios | Lip colour in a case. | ||
| 1886 | Lavavajillas Josephine Cochrane | Josephine Cochrane’s machine. | ||
| 1888 | Desodorante | A product against the smell of sweat. | ||
| 1889 | Calentador de agua | Heats water for the home. | ||
| 1890 | Elemento calefactor | A high-resistance conductor that turns current into heat. | ||
| 1890 | Matryoshka Vasily Zvyozdochkin | A wooden nesting doll (Zvyozdochkin, Malyutin). | ||
| 1890 | Caja de cartón | Corrugated board (Gair). | ||
| 1891 | Canasta de baloncesto James Naismith | Naismith’s basket. | ||
| 1891 | Hervidor eléctrico | An appliance that boils water with a heating element. | Hervidor | |
| 1891 | Tren en miniatura | A model of a railway (Märklin). | ||
| 1892 | Tabla de planchar | A folding board for ironing. | ||
| 1892 | Chapa corona | A metal bottle cap (Painter). | ||
| 1892 | Termo | A Dewar vessel with a vacuum layer. | Vaso de Dewar | |
| 1892 | Cocina eléctrica | A stove with heating elements. | ||
| 1893 | Tostadora | An appliance that toasts bread with a red-hot coil. It became practical once durable nichrome wire appeared. | ||
| 1894 | Interfono | A door entry phone. | ||
| 1896 | Dardos | A target for darts. | Arco y flecha | |
| 1898 | Pelota de golf | A ball with a rubber-thread core and dimples (Haskell). | ||
| 1899 | Linterna | A battery-powered lamp. | ||
| 1900 | Surfboard | A board for riding waves. | Snowboard | |
| 1900 | Lámpara de carburo | A miner’s lamp burning acetylene. | Lámpara de Davy | |
| 1901 | Aspiradora Hubert Cecil Booth | Cleaning by sucking up dust (Booth; the electric one — Spangler). | Barredora de alfombras | Robot aspirador |
| 1901 | Juego de construcción metálico | The Meccano set (Hornby). | LEGO bricks | |
| 1901 | Maquinilla de afeitar | A razor with a replaceable blade (Gillette). | ||
| 1901 | Café instantáneo | Dried coffee extract. | ||
| 1902 | Aire acondicionado | Carrier’s unit for cooling and drying air. | ||
| 1902 | Oso de peluche | A soft toy (Steiff, Michtom). | ||
| 1903 | Percha | A wire hanger (Parkhouse). | ||
| 1904 | Enchufe | A connector for plugging in appliances. | ||
| 1906 | Liofilización | Drying a frozen product in a vacuum. | Deshidratación de alimentos | |
| 1908 | Lavadora | An electric machine for washing clothes. | Escurridor | |
| 1908 | Batidora | Whisking with beaters driven by a motor. | Batidor de huevos | |
| 1908 | Filtro de café Melitta Bentz | Melitta Bentz’s filter. | ||
| 1908 | Bolsa de té | A single serving of tea in a pouch. | ||
| 1909 | Plancha de pelo | Dos placas calientes que alisan un mechón entre ellas; patentada en 1909 por Isaac Shero. | ||
| 1910 | Papel de aluminio | Thinly rolled aluminium. | ||
| 1910 | Mosquetón | A steel ring with a gate. | ||
| 1911 | Secador de pelo | A fan with a heater. | ||
| 1913 | Refrigerador | A household refrigerator with a compressor. | Casa de hielo, Máquina de hielo | |
| 1916 | Supermercado | A self-service store (Piggly Wiggly). | ||
| 1921 | Tetera silbante | Steam passes through a whistle. | ||
| 1922 | Licuadora | An electric motor with blades. | Procesador de alimentos | |
| 1924 | Pañuelos de papel | Facial tissues (Kleenex). | ||
| 1924 | Congelación rápida | Freezing food rapidly (Birdseye). | ||
| 1927 | Aerosol | A pressurized can with a sprayer (Rotheim). | ||
| 1929 | Gafas de sol | Glasses with tinted lenses. | Gafas | |
| 1929 | Prensa francesa | A coffee maker with a mesh plunger. | ||
| 1930 | Cinta adhesiva | Drew’s transparent tape (3M). | ||
| 1931 | Pinball | A machine with a ball and flippers. | Máquina recreativa | |
| 1933 | Moka pot | Bialetti’s coffee maker. | ||
| 1936 | Trampolín | A net on springs (Nissen). | ||
| 1937 | Carro de compras | A supermarket trolley (Goldman). | ||
| 1938 | Secadora | A drum dryer. | ||
| 1938 | Protector solar | Protecting skin from ultraviolet. | ||
| 1940 | Congelador | A deep-freeze compartment. | ||
| 1942 | Cámara de seguridad | A video surveillance system (CCTV). | ||
| 1943 | Regulador de buceo | A regulator that supplies air on inhalation. | ||
| 1943 | Escafandra autónoma Jacques Cousteau | A self-contained breathing apparatus (Cousteau, Gagnan). | Traje de buceo | |
| 1945 | Horno de convección | An oven with a fan. | Freidora de aire | |
| 1945 | Cuerda de escalada | A dynamic nylon rope. | Cuerda | |
| 1947 | Máquina expendedora de café | A machine for drinks. | ||
| 1947 | Horno de microondas Percy Spencer | Heating food with microwaves (Spencer). | Radar | |
| 1948 | Pañal desechable | A nappy with a superabsorbent. | ||
| 1949 | Film transparente | A thin polymer film. | ||
| 1950 | Control remoto Nikola Tesla, Robert Adler | Operating a device from a distance; infrared remotes date from the 1980s. | ||
| 1950 | Sensor de movimiento | A passive infrared presence sensor. | ||
| 1952 | Tetra Pak | A laminated carton package. | ||
| 1952 | Bolera | Automatic setting of pins. | ||
| 1954 | Cepillo de dientes eléctrico | A toothbrush with a small motor. | Cepillo de dientes | |
| 1954 | Sartén antiadherente | A frying pan with a Teflon coating (Tefal). | Sartén de hierro fundido | |
| 1955 | Arrocera | Automatic rice cooking (Toshiba). | Olla programable | |
| 1957 | Toallitas húmedas | Impregnated non-woven wipes. | ||
| 1958 | LEGO bricks Ole Kirk Christiansen | A construction toy of moulded plastic. | Juego de construcción metálico | |
| 1959 | Lata de bebida | A can for drinks. | Lata de conserva | |
| 1963 | Selladora al vacío | Pumps the air out of a bag. | ||
| 1965 | Snowboard | A board for riding down snow. | Surfboard, Esquís | |
| 1965 | Detector de humo | A sensor for smoke. | ||
| 1965 | Bolsa de plástico | A polyethylene bag (Thulin). | Bolsa de papel | |
| 1970 | Maleta con ruedas | A suitcase with wheels (Sadow). | ||
| 1970 | Báscula electrónica | Scales with a strain gauge. | Balanza | |
| 1971 | Olla programable Irving Naxon | A pot with a heater and programs. | Arrocera | |
| 1971 | Procesador de alimentos | A multifunction kitchen machine. | Licuadora | |
| 1973 | Placa de inducción | A hob that heats cookware with eddy currents. | ||
| 1973 | Botella de plástico | A bottle made of PET (Wyeth). | Botella de vidrio | |
| 1974 | Cubo de Rubik Ernő Rubik | A mechanical puzzle. | ||
| 1974 | Sous vide Benjamin Thompson | Cooking in a vacuum bag at a precise temperature. | ||
| 1980 | Lámpara de uñas UV/LED | Lámpara UV o LED que endurece el esmalte en gel en un minuto aproximadamente. | ||
| 1986 | Panificadora | Automatic bread baking. | ||
| 1992 | Autoservicio de pago | A till where shoppers scan the goods themselves. | Caja registradora | |
| 2000 | Hogar inteligente | A network of controllable household devices. | ||
| 2002 | Robot aspirador | An autonomous vacuum cleaner (Roomba). | Aspiradora | |
| 2008 | Lámpara LED | A lamp built on white LEDs. | Bombilla incandescente | |
| 2010 | Freidora de aire | A mini convection oven. | Horno de convección | |
| 2013 | Cerradura inteligente | A lock controlled from a smartphone. | Cerradura y llave | |
| 2014 | Altavoz inteligente | A speaker with a voice assistant. | ||
| Rulos | Pequeños cilindros en los que se enrolla el pelo para que se seque en rizos; los rulos térmicos se calientan antes de usarlos. |